
Svante Pääbo
Human evolution wasn’t a ladder — it was a tangle of interbreeding lineages, and some of their genes are still making us sick.



The Neanderthal genome project did not discover interbreeding as a hypothesis — it confirmed it with genomic data. It replaced speculation with measurement: four billion base pairs, three Croatian specimens, one decisive conclusion. Its legacy is methodological rigour and a rewritten human family tree.