
Nikolaas Tinbergen
Tinbergen proved instinct is not a fog—it’s a cascade of measurable triggers, and we ignore its architecture at our peril.
What happens to economics once it admits people are not rational.



Evolutionary game theory is a precise, minimal framework that explains how genetically fixed behaviours persist without cognition. Its strength lies in its constraints — no rationality, no learning, no flexibility — and its explanatory reach is limited to frequency-dependent contests where inheritance and replication are well defined.
